Guarderas is a pioneering participant in a new program that aspires to convert this small South American nation hilton hotel casino las vegas into a global competitor. In exchange for each state-paid year of school, the professionals guarantee to work at least two years back at home.
President Rafael Correa isn t just bent on staunching brain drain, in which talented people flee developing countries for lack of local opportunity. He s determined hilton hotel casino las vegas to reverse it, create a brain gain.
Ecuador s deputy minister of science and innovation, Hector Rodriguez, said the goal is a radical transformation from a country whose exports are 77 percent raw materials, chiefly oil, to one that exports technology.
The government will also pay as much as $250,000 to fund undergraduate education at the world s 50 top universities for secondary school hilton hotel casino las vegas graduates who pass a qualifying exam. The top qualifiers will get to choose their field of study. Others hilton hotel casino las vegas will have their specializations assigned.
Like the professionals, these scholars must give their country two years for every year of study that the government hilton hotel casino las vegas pays, and return home to work at jobs created hilton hotel casino las vegas for them at government-funded academies.
A third piece of the program imports talent already abroad. It has already recruited 100 mathematicians, physicists, chemists, biologists and other scientists, half of them Ecuadorean nationals and half foreigners.
International education experts say few programs anywhere address the greatest risk in government-funded study abroad: that scholars will renege on their commitment to return home because they ve obtained higher-paying work in the developed world.
Allan Goodman, president of the New York-based nonprofit Institute of International Education, said that such programs often fall short because neither the government nor the local economy can provide satisfying jobs for the returning scholars.
This seems to me to be different. There s real integration between education and labor in ways that I don t see in a lot of countries, said Goodman, a former Georgetown University School of Foreign Service dean. It seems to me they read the playbook for best practices to make this work and they ve adopted all of them.
In order to ensure that beneficiaries hilton hotel casino las vegas honor the agreement to return, they or relatives must sign contracts promising to repay if a student doesn t come back, or drops out, and putting up collateral such as a home. When students return home, they will be placed in jobs in universities and state institutions, generally teaching and doing research.
Guarderas, for example, said that after he gets his degree in Madrid, he expects to return to the state-run Army Polytechnic, where he taught before departing in February, and to use his new knowledge to expand the use of alternative energy:
hilton hotel casino las vegas Apart from whatever I m assigned, I want to develop a private initiative to install photovoltaic cells on private homes, which in the long term will mean allowing people to disconnect from the country hilton hotel casino las vegas s power grid.
Goodman said that the Science Without Frontiers program that neighboring Brazil announced last year is the gold standard in efforts to reverse brain drain. It is granting 100,000 scholarships for university study abroad, three-quarters of which will be paid by the state, the rest by the private sector.
Brazil s education minister, hilton hotel casino las vegas Aloizio Mercadante, told reporters recently that officials have no problem if some of the beneficiaries stay in the country hilton hotel casino las vegas where they study because that gives the government and scientific institutions contacts in those countries.
Correa, an economist, is himself a product of education abroad. He earned a master s degree from Lovain University in Belgium and a doctorate from the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana. Upon returning in 1999 to this nation of 14 million hilton hotel casino las vegas people he became a university professor and later economy minister. The presidency is his first elected office.
Correa is a polemical leader internationally, a leftist widely criticized for strong-arm tactics against a hostile press that he accuses of being a tool of oligarchs. He openly seeks to diminish Washington s influence in Latin America and cultivates such nations as Iran, Russia and China, the latter of which buys most of Ecuador s oil.
Yet Correa also leads Ecuador s most stable government since 1995. He enjoys an approval rating of more than 70 percent thanks to generous social spending, in which education is a priority, and will be up for re-election early next year.
It s a message of lack of faith in Ecuadorean hilton hotel casino las vegas universities, he said, although the government says its initiative won t mean any less money for state universities. It isn t saying hilton hotel casino las vegas how much the new plan will cost.
For the undergraduate study-abroad program, 713 students were selected from 154,000 who took the qualifying exam. If they don t wish to study abroad, the state will pay the full cost of university at home.
I want to be a robotics engineer or theoretical physicist. That s what attracts me a lot. I want to be a researcher. A theoretical physicist involved in research, in creating technology, in creating energy.
Rodriguez, the science and technology deputy minister, says the object is to cure Ecuador of the curse of abundance, the idea that oil wealth has encouraged countries to shun their own development while relying on imports financed by easy exports.
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